Ibhulogi

Ukwenza kwamandla kwezithuthi kufuna ukucopheleka nokwaziwa okuphezulu kusayensi yendawo. Ikhomba lebhodla zasemaphathekeni zavutha izinhlelo ezibonakalayo ezihlanganisa ubuchule bezobuchwepheshe nesimo esinamandla ukuze zinike amaphuzu afanekisayo, afanele. Ukuziqonda izici ezimbalwa eziyinkimbinkimbi eziyichaza ikhomba elihle lebhodla likhomba lebhodla kumuncwaningwane ukwenza izinyathelo ezifaneleyo ezingazange zikwazi ukubangelwa ngokwenza kwazo izinsuku eziningi.

Isidingo esikhulayo semboni yezindwangu sokwenza ngokwezifiso kanye nezikhathi zokushintsha okusheshayo kubeka ingcindezi enkulu emishinini yokukhiqiza. Imishini yokuthunga esezingeni eliphezulu kumele igcine ukunemba kuzo zonke izigidi zezithungo ngenkathi isebenza ngokuqhubekayo ezindaweni zezimboni ezidinga kakhulu. Lokhu kuhlaziywa okuphelele kuhlola izici ezibalulekile ezihlukanisa imishini yokuthunga eyingqayizivele kwezinye izindlela ezijwayelekile, okuhlinzeka ngemininingwane ngezindinganiso zokuqina, izindlela zokunemba, kanye nezinkomba zokusebenza ezichaza izixazululo ezihamba phambili emakethe.

Umqondo Othilelwa Ngokuphelele Kukwakhiwa Kwemikhumbi

Ukudala Kwefreme Kunasekela Isimo

Umbuso wasekhanda ngalunye ulwazi olusemthethweni lwembala lula kusukela kuqondo lwalo. Izimakhine zembala ezihle zifaka izikhungo ze-steel eziphakeme ezizimele ukunciphisa ukuthinta futhi zilindele ubunjingiqo bezilingo ngenkathi iyasebenza ngokushesha. Lezi ziyo zibophezela ukuthintana phansi kwezenzo, zihlinzekela ukuthi kutholakale imigqa ngendlela efanayo noma ngemva yezindiza eziphakeme. Izinhlelo ezithe phambili zezikhungo zisebenzisa inzululwazi yokuphatha ukuqashiselwa kwamathola, kuyakha izinto eziphuhlisa ubuchopho nasekugcineni amandla.

Izigaba zokwakha kwesikrweleti ziyaphatha kakhulu ekusebenzisweni kanye nokuhlala kwesikhathi eside. Iziphawu zokufaka ezakhiwe ngokucophelela zihlinza ukulungiswa kwegunyazana ngithutha kwesikhathi esigcweleyo sekumelene nesimiso. Abasebenzisi abakhethwe bakhipha izinyathelo zokuphumula isivivane kanye nezindlela zokulahla eziqondisa ekukhuleni kwesikrweleti ukuze kuthintwe izidingo zangaphakathi ezingakho kuthinta ubude bezinkinga phezu kwesikhathi. Lokhu kubonakalisa ukuzinza kakhulu kwesakhiwo kuyaphendula ngokunciphisa izidingo zokulungiswa kanye nokugcwalisa isikhathi sokusheda.

Ukukhetha Iingxenye kanye Nezici Zomlando

Amashine akhethayo okubhembatha asetshenzisa iziqinisekiso zokulinganisa ezigcwele ezakhelwe ngokuphelele ngezidingo zabo zokulondoloza nokusebenza. Amabhala apholile, ahlanganisiwe ngezindima zezehlakalo, athena ukusebenza kahle nokuphila kude phansi kwesimo sokusebenza njalo. Izinhlelo zomthelela zisetyenziswa iingcinga ze-steel ezingathanga nezinye indawo eziqinisekisiweyo eziphambuka ubuncane eminyakeni enguqu ngamanye amabanga. Le nkcazelo yesigaba sihlukanisa umkhiqizo wokwenza into ekhona ngokudala kulungiso kwebhodhi yokuqala.

Izinqinamba ezikhathazekayo ziqashelwa kakhulu kumidlalo wezibonakude. Amabha abanzi anquma izilimi ezithile eziphila kuzinyanyanisa futhi zilindele ukwaneleka okuphephile. Izindlela zokulahla ziphatha izinto ezijwayelekile noma izinhlayiya ezithile ezingcolisa ukugaya futhi ziphazamise ukulahla kwizihluku ngenkathi kusebenza ngokushesha. Noma kunjalo iziqhamo ezingavamile njengezinqumina zocingo nezicathula zohlaza zidoliswa ngokudala kwezinhlayiya ezihle ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphathelene ngesikhathi sebanga lesebenzo.

Amasistemu Wokubamba Okuphephile Kunye Nezidingo Zokuhlanganiswa Kweteknoloji

Uhlelo Lwempilo Lokuhambisa

Yesimanje okubhala izicatulo sebenzisa izistematimu zokudala ukuxhumana okuphathelene ngezikhathi eziningi ngokuphelele kakhulu. Lezi zistemu sebenzisa i-inthanthalamu ezibhekene kakhulu ezilungile kakhulu nezixhumanisi zokulungiselela okuphelele ukuze ziqinisekise indawo echanekileyo ngokuphelele kumgca wokubhinja okuncane. Izibonelo ezihle zokuphatha kusukela ekugcineni kwesithothobala, zibangela ukuba kungabi khotsi okuthinta umgca futhi kungavaleki ithredi.

Ukudibaniswa kwezistemu zokuphatha ngeminiyakhi kuvumela ukulungiswa okusheshayo kwezinkinga zokusebenza ngokwesimo sezinto kanye nezidingo zomgca. Izibonelo ezinezimali zilondoloza ukugcinwa kwe-thread, isikhundla senkamba, nokuxhumana kwe-fabric ukuze zilungise izinkinga zokubhinja ngokuzenzakalelayo. Lezi zistemu zokuphatha zingadinga futhi zilungise izinkinga ezincane zezici zezinto, ziqinisekisa iziphumo ezifanayo phakathi kwezici ezahlukene zabafazi kanye nezisebenzo zokubhinja.

Inkqubo Yodaka kanye Nezibongo

Amashini okugcwalisa esemeni anamandla akhuthaza izimo zodalelo olukhulu kakhulu ezilandelayo ngendlela efanelekileyo. Amaprothesiya aphezulu aphatha izinhlelo eziphephile eziqukethe ukugcwalisa okuphindwe kakhulu ngemva kokulandela ixesha eliqinile phakathi kwizimo zonke zeshini. Izinhlelo zakuba yisikhathi zincolisa ukufinyelela kwi-calendars zezihlobo futhi zivikela ukuguqulwa ngokusha ngaphandle kokukhula kwemisebenzi yokwakha.

Izimiso zokuhlelwa kwezihlobo zilondola idatha yesihlobo ukuze zifundeni izilinganiso zobuchwepheshe nokuhamba kwegciwane. Lezi zinhlelo zingasidlula izibalo ezithile njengebude bezigaba, izihlobo zangaphansi, nezinguquko zombala ukuze kuthuthukise indlela futhi kuhlale kube yidingayo isihlobo. Indlela yokuprosesa nokuhlelwa kwezihlobo ngokusha kunciphisa amaxesha wokumisa futhi kuthuthukise indlela ekugcinwa ngayo imisebenzi yokwakha.

Amavili Okulinganisa Nezindlela Zokusebenza

Izibonakude Zezinto Ezinezimali Eziphathelene Nezenzo

Amashini okubhembatha kumele achaze izikhathi ezidekileyo ephakeme kangaka okudingekayo kumshini wokusebenza. Izikhathi zomlando ngokuvamile ziyingcinezela izinto ukuba zilinde amazulu amakhulu wezinkokhelo ngelika zibanjwe nezimo zazo. Izingxenye eziphathelene ziphulwa kuzivikeli ezide kakhulu ukuze kutholakale ukuthi zingasiza njani xa kusekelwe ekusebenziseni kakhulu njengoba kuhlala kuhlala kwizindawo zokwakha.

Inkampani yokulubricate emashinini embonakalayo isebenzisa izilubricant ezibonakala kakhulu nezinhlelo zokunikezela ngokuzenzakalela ukuqinisekisa ukuphila kwazo zonke izinto ehlukahlukene. Lezi zinhlelo zohlaba izilinganiso nezimo zezilubricant, zinikeza izaziso lapho kudingeka ukuservisa. Izihluko zakhiwe ngokugcwele nezinkinga eziphazanyiswe ngokucophelela kumele kube yimali enkulu futhi kumele kube khona ubomi obude. Lokhu kukhumbula okunjalo kwenza ukuthi izikhathi zokulunga kube mde kakhulu futhi kube khona ububi obuncane kakhulu.

Ukuphinda Ukuphindeka Kwisiko Lokuhlala

Amathuba okwakhiwa kuyakhathala izimboni zokubhinja ngokuphazanyiswa kwesithuthi, ukuguqulwa kwegazi, nezinto eziphazanyisayo ezitholakala kumoya. Izidenge ezinhle zifaka izici zokukhuseleka kwezimali ephatha iqiniso lokusebenza kulezi zimo. Izigaba esivalekileyo sezimali sizokhuselela izikhwama ezinzulu ze-electronics kusuka kugoti nasezinyaweni, ngelixa izinkundla zokukhuseleka kwisithuthi ziqinisekisa iqiniso kuzo zonke izimo zesiseko.

Izinkundla zokukhusha kuvilimbela kungafani nokuthinta kwalokubhinja, ngelixa iviliyimu yesixhobo se-electromagnetic ekhuselela izinhlelo zodidi kusuka kuthixo oluthintayo. Lezi zindlela zokukhuseleka ziqinisekisa ukuthi izimboni zokubhinja zizokholisa iziqiniso namaqiniso angaphandle kokuthi yini indawo yobuchwepheshe abasebenzela kuyo. Lokhu kukhulu kokukhuseleka kwezimali kugcinza ubude bezimpilo zamaninginya futhi kugcine ubunzima obuhle bokuphuma.

Izikhathi Zokusebenza Nezibalo Zobubi

Umqiniso Nenkinga Yezibalo Zezibindi

Ukulinganisa kwezilingo ngokwesilingo kohlelo lwembala lusesikhungo kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhombeni iqiniso neqiniso le-stitch. Imithetho yesivikeli yokuhlola ihlola ukubuyela emva kwesikhungo esigcwele, okwesibonelo kudinga iqiniso phansi kwezinguqu ezincane zemilimeter. Izihlangothi ezinhle zihlengalenga iqiniso eliphakeme kunamathuba esivikelweni, noma kube sele isebenza ngeminyaka engaphezu.

Ubunzima bokudala kweziga kufaka phakathi izindlela eziningi kanye nezidinga zomlando wethredi, ubude bokuphakama, nokucopheleka kwegciwane. Izihlangothi ezininzi zimbala zibanjwe yezinkundla zokuhlola ezingaba ngcono kulezi zidinga, zinikeza imininingwane ngokushesha mayelana nobunzima beziga. Lokhu kumandla ukulungisa ngokushesha izinkinga ezincane ngaphambi kokuba ziqhamuze umsebenzi othemba, ukuqinisekisa ubunzima obuvamile kuwo wonke umsebenzi.

Isivinini seKhiye kanye Neqiniso leSebenzi

Amashini akhuniwanga kamanje ahlola izivinini ezinhle ngaphandle kokuphila kwizikhathi ezihle. Izinkampani ezinezindleko ezide zikwazi ukukhokha amanqaku ahlukeneyo ngemvula engaphezu kwezintsha eziyi-1,000 ngeminithi ngaphandle kokulahla kakhulu noma ukuchazwa kwegazi. Lezi zivinini zihlakazeka ngokuhlanza okujulile kwezinkinga, i-algorithms yokudondelayo, nezinkinga zokuchazwa kwegazi.

Ukuthuthuka kakhulu kusuka ngaphandle kwezivinini zomlando kuze kube ngaphakathi kwezinto ezifana nokushintsha kwegazi, imithetho yokumisa amanqaku, nezidingo zokulungiselela. Amashini akhuniwanga amandla angena izinto ezimnandi ukuze ikhathaze isikhathi esingasendaweni, fana nokushintsha koyiko ngokushesha, ukugcina kwegazi ngokuzenzakalelayo, nezimiso eziphambileyo zokulayisha amanqaku. Lezi zibonakaliso zokuthuthuka kungakwazi ukuhlukumeza kakhulu ekuphileni kwezimali nezindleko zokusebenza.

Imithwalo Yendlela Yokulungiswa Kanti Namkhondo Wasesivini

Imigomo Yemigomo Yokulungisa

Amashini akhokhotho angcono anemithombo yendawo yokuphatha okunikeza ukuphatha kakhulu ngokuthulaselana nokuncipha izidingo zokulungiswa. Izindawo zokulubala ezingenakufinyelela, izinto ezinzima ezingahleliwa kakhulu, nezinkcazelo eziphathelene nokulungiswa kuzenzela ukulungiswa okunjalo okukhokhelwa isikhathi esikhulu sokusebenza kwamashini. Abayengi bezindlela ezinhle zabelana ngezibonelo zakulungiswa futhi bafundisa abasebenzisi ukuthuthuka kakhulu komsebenzi.

Imithombo yokulungiswa ngaphambilini emashinini amandla akhokhotho ihlinze indawo yesimo sezinto nezinkinga zomsebenzi ukuze ibe yisikhathi sokulungiswa ngaphambi kokuba kube nenkinga. Lezi zinhlelo zihlinza izinkinga ezithile njengezizinda ze-bearing, izilinganiso zobuhlungu, nezinkinga zokusetshenziswa kwezinhla zezinhla ukuqonda izinkinga eziphila. Ukufinyelela kakhulu kwezinkinga ezingaba khona kuvumela ukulungiswa okucacile kufanele kube khona ukuthulaselana nokuthintana kwezimali futhi kuthintane nezinkinga eziphambene kakhulu.

Inkxaso Yentekitheli futhi Ubukhona Bezinto

Ukuphila kude nesiphumo ekusebenzeni kumashini wokubhembha kuyasebenza kakhulu kuxhumano lokuthuthukisa nokutholakala kwamaphathi okufaka endaweni. Abafana abaqhudeni amaphrojekthi angena ngaphezulu amaphathi aphilile futhi banezobuchwepheshe okshisa ukuze kube khona isikhathi esingaba yisikhathi xa kudingeka inkonzo. Amathimba wethikithi enezinkolelo eziningi zengcamango yeziphrojekthi azikwazi ukusabela izinkinga ngokushesha futhi abe nenkulumo efanele, ohlangothi ngendlela yokunakekelwa kude.

Amabhroshelema wokufundisa abancishisiwa nguqobo labafana abagcinwe ububi bezindlela zokusebenza nezindlela zokulungisa izinkinga ezingcono. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi kube khona ukuncipha kwezinkinga ezibangelwa ngomsebenzisi njengoba kunciphise isikhathi sokulungisa izinkinga ezincane. Ukufundiswa okuphelele kwenza kube khona isiphumo esingcono kumgwa wokusebenza futhi kunciphise isikhathi sakhe sokusebenza.

Ukuthunyelwa Kweteknoloji Nokuvikela Kusasa

Uxhumano Nokuhlanganwa Kwesivumelwano Se-Industry 4.0

Amashine okugcoba ezintsha zandulela ukuthi kuthunyelwe izinto ezingcono ukuthi kutholakale kakhulu kumthombo wokwakha. Izinxweba zokuxhumana zivumela ukulandeleka kwezimo lekhiqizo, imbono yokh quality, nokudinga kokulungisa kusuka kumathuba akhethekile. Lokhu kukhokho kuvumela ukuthuthukiswa kwezimpawu zokwakha nokunikezwa kwemithombo phakathi kwezinkulungwane eziningi zamashine okugcoba.

Iinkambu zokugcina idatha kwizikhombisi ezintsha zinika ubonakaliso obalulekile ngokwenza kakhulu nokuthetha kwesivumelwano. Ukuhlaziywa okuphuculi kungafumanisa izibonelo kwiidatha zokusebenza ezingavuma amathuba ekuthuthukiswa kwimithombo noma ukubeka isilinganiso sokulungiswa. Le ndlela eyisebenzayo yokuphatha ikhiqizo ibonisa ubuhlungu obukhulu kumsebenzi wokwakha.

Iinkambu Zesoftware kanye Nenkinga Yokuqhubeka

Ukukhula kwezinkenkelo kuze kube yimali emakhulu, ngokunikezwa kwezinkenkelo ezintsha ngezinkinga zokuphindezela izinhlelo. Izinhlelo eziphathelene nokuthuthukisa izinkenkelo zifaka izihlakani zezinkenkelo ezingavuseleki ngaphandle kokulungiswa kwamathuba. Lokhu kusungula inani lokuthuthuka ngokugcinwa komlando wokusebenza kwegcinezelwa.

Izinkenkelo ezibalulekile zezinkenkelo zilandelayo kufana nokudala okuzenzakalelayo, izixhumanisi zokulungisa isakhiwo ngexesha eliqinile, nezirhweba zobuhlakani bezokusebenza kahle. Lezi zinkenkelo zilula ukufundiswa kwezisebenzi futhi kuyakheza ubumnandi nokwasebenza kakhulu. Izinguquko ezibhekene nezinkenkelo zazinzima indlela ephathekayo ekubeni igcinezeli lithuthuke.

Izidingo Zomkhondo Neqiniso Lokuhlanganisa

Umyalezo Wesilinganiso Sokuqala Sokuthatha

Ukubala imishini yokubhembayela kudinga ukuzimisela kwezimali zonke ezihambelana nokuthenga kwesibili okungaphandle kokuthakatha kuphela. Imishini enobunzima obuphezulu ngenkathi yizinsima eziphansi ngokukhethwa kwezimali zokugcina, ubunempilo obungcono, ne-efficiency enhle. Kufanele kube khona isilinganiso esijwayelekile sezimali kufaka phakathi izinto ezithile njenge-ukusetshenziswa kwegogo, izindleko zokugcina, izidingo zokufundisa abasebenzisi, ne-bhengu eliqinile lemakhi.

Ubukhona be-production ne-consistency yokubophezela kubangelisa ngqo amandla okwakha imali. Imishini yokubhembayela eyaziqina ubophezelo olujwayelekile ne-percentage ephezulu yokuphila kungenza imali mangeni ngasinye kunazo ongcinezayo. Ukuguquka kwalokho kungenza imali kusulela izindleko ezide emva kokuthenga kokuqala, kwenza izinto zobunzima kube nzima ngendlela engcono ngemuva kwesikhathi.

Ukuthuthuka Kweteknoloji Nezinkululeko Zomondi

Isahluko sebandla sendiza yasebhembrideyithi sikhula ngokushesha, ngezinkinga ezintsha ziyenzelwa ukuthuthukisa imfundo kanye nokusebenza. Ukudonsa kwe-laser, izinqumo zokuphatha iziqhamo ngokuzenzakalelayo, nezinhlelo zokusebenzisa ubucobozi bokwakhiwa kuyizinto ephathelene ngenhloso. Ukuqonda lezi zinto kunceda ekukhetheni izimboni zendiza ezingabili ngokulandelana kwazo njengoba zisebenza.

Isicelo sezamandla sakhula ngokuthuthukisa amandla okwenza ngokulinganiselwe kanye nokugcina isikhathi esingezansi. Izimboni zendiza ezingavikela le mininingwane ngokuphatha kwezinhlelo ezingalingani, izibalo ezisheshayo, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezinhlelo ezahlukene kuvikela abafundi ngendlela efanele emazweni athile. Ukuhlakanipha kwezinhlelo ezintsha zendiza zinika indlela yokuphila eyingaphezu kokufa kwezimali engcinezayo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Iziphi izinto eziphathelene kakhulu nokugcina kwezimboni zendiza

Ubunzima bomongo wesithuthi, ukukhetha izigaba zokwenza, nokusebenza kwendlela yokulungisa kuyizinkinga ezibalulekile kakhulu ezingaphatha ubude bebusuku bembalo yemikhumbi. Izimemeza ezinezibuko ezinobumba obukhulu, izinhlelo zenqubo eziphakeme, nezinhlelo eziphelele zokulubeka ziphathe kakhulu ngendlela ethembekile ngamaseculo amaningi uma kulinwe kangcono. Ukulungiswa okuphathelene ngenqubo yesikha esiyisisekelo kungenza kube khona ubude bekusimo okuningi ngaphandle kokuthi kuchazwe ngokuvamile.

Kungani ukhethekiso kumele kube yini phakathi kwezimali zombalo nempilo yezimali?

Okusebenziswa kwebhodi yesithuthwana kumgangatho wokuphatha kudinga ukulungiselela kwezidinga ngaphakathi kwesikhathi esingaba ngu-0.1mm noma okukhulu, ngelixa izimo ezivela ezenzo zingadinga amandla kuya ku-0.3mm. Izimakhina zezenzo zidinga futhi ukugcina lezi zidinga zokucophelela kuphela izigalo ezingu milione, zidinga izinhlelo zokwenza nokuphatha okunempela. Izidinga zokusebenza kusuku lonke kumgangatho wezenzo ziphatheka izinhlelo zokuhlanya kanye nezinkinga eziphathelene nezinto ezibonakala.

Iziphumani zokuphatha zizobiza kanjani ukuthi isimo sekhasimende senkosi yebhodi siyekwe

Iziphumani ezibalulekile zokuthambeka kwezimo kufaka phakathi ukwanda kwegambo lokugcina kwe-thread, ukuguqula kwesilinganiso sokulungisa, amanothi noma izimu ezihlengahlenga, kanye nezama ezingaphezu kwesikhathi. Ukuphakama kwesitshixo embonweni ye-bearing, izwi elingavumelekile, kanye nemiyalelo yokubamba isimo ebuthakashini iyashilo ibonisa ukuthi kuyakhiwa imiba. Ukubeka isitebheli kulezi zinkinga kuvumela ukuphatha ngaphambi kokuhluka kakhulu kanye nokugcina ubunzima bomphathi.

Ukuzinikwa kwezinqinisekiso kuthinta kanjani umsebenzi wosobo lwebhodi

Izinqinisekiso ezihleli kakhulu zinesivakalisi esikhulu ekuvikiseni ngokunegunya lokuchazela okomthetho, ukulungiselela kwesetyenziso sendlela yombala, nokubeka isimo sokulinganisa ngexesha eliqhelekileyo. Izixhobo zeembalo eziphucukileyo nezinqinisekiso ezihleli kakhulu zingasusa ixesha lokusungula ngo-50% okanye kangakanani, zayiphilisa ubume bomgca. Izenzo zesinqinisekiso yokubeka isimo phantsi komkhawulo nasekuhlolweni phambi kokuba kuhlengwe kunciphisa ukuphula kwayo okungafanelekanga kwaye kunike isimo esifanelekileyo sokuhlela.